Person-Centred Therapy Essay

The Person-Centered Approach created from crafted by the therapist Dr. Carl Rogers. In 1940s to 1960s, Carl Rogers way to deal with treatment was viewed as progressive. His master information didn’t originate from a hypothesis yet rather from his clinical treatment. Subsequently, hypothesis came clumsy. Individual Centered Therapy was initially observed as non-mandate. The thinking for that was on the grounds that Rogers didn’t accept that specialist was the master. The pivotal piece of his hypothesis depended on the characteristic inclination of people to discover satisfaction. (Rogers 1961). Carl Rogers had the essential trust in individuals and accepted that individuals are normally advancing toward valuable satisfaction. (Carl R. Rogers 1980, p.117). Rogers accepted that ‘Individuals have inside themselves huge assets for self-comprehension and for changing their self-ideas, fundamental mentalities, and self-coordinated conduct; these assets can be tapped if a perceptible atmosphere of facilitative mental perspectives can be provided.’ ( Carl R. Rogers 1980, p.115-117). The significant piece of individual focused methodology was making specific mental condition all together for a customer to be available to the experience. The key for Rogers was to be available with another. ‘Being was a higher priority than doing .(Rogers 1961) The significance of mental condition clarified by Rogers is on the grounds that clients’ need to feel liberated from danger, both genuinely and mentally, to move away from protectiveness and open to the experience of treatment. (Rogers 1961). This condition could be accomplished when customer is in a treatment with an individual who was truly empathic, tolerating and non-critical †offering unequivocal positive respect, and real - harmonious. Consequently, when these three center conditions are given: consistency, unqualified positive respect and compassion, Rogers accepted that customer would normally move a productive and positive way. Harmoniousness Harmoniousness (validity) recommends that there ought to be correspondence between a therapist’s internal encountering and their outward reactions to the client. (Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counseling p 30.) The therapist’s objective is to communicate truly felt reactions to the client’s  experiences in the immediate second; and for the customer to see the advisor reactions as certifiable, straightforward and legit. (Individual Centered Rehabilitation Counseling, p 30) Genuine Positive Regard Genuine positive respect alludes to seeing a customer in a non-critical way that is liberated from the conditions that customer may have been encountering inside family, companions and society. Genuine positive view is offered as a model of non-critical self-acknowledgment for customers along with a ‘understanding-chasing approach’ to working with customers from ‘different’ and ‘diverse’ foundations (Lago, 2007, pp. 262â€263). Sympathy Most specialists recognize restorative estimation of sympathy. Be that as it may, from Rogers’ (1961) viewpoint, compassion is a mentality instead of a lot of intelligent procedures. It offers acknowledgment and wellbeing to investigate excruciating and troublesome issues. Besides, compassion is viewed as a progressively dynamic procedure where an individual attempts to comprehend others by connecting with or feeling with them in various measurements. (Coulehan, J. 2002. p. 73-98). Compassion passes on the specialist unlimited positive respect and passes on to customers that they are profoundly heard. (Bozarth, J.,2007. 182â€193). Carl Rogers accepted that individual couldn’t show someone else legitimately; an individual can just encourage another’s learning. (Rogers (1951). In this way, in the individual focused treatment the job of specialist is to be available and intelligent. Rogers was extremely enthusiastic to motivate individuals to live completely. This procedure of easy street isn't, as Rogers accepted a life for the timid. It includes the extending and developing of one’s possibilities and satisfaction. It includes the mental fortitude to be and to opening oneself completely into the progression of life. (Rogers, Carl. (1961). Besides, in Person-Centered Therapy customers have an opportunity of decision and obvious innovativeness. They are not compelled by the limitations that impact anâ incongruent individual, so they have an assortment of decisions they can make all the more unquestionably. Customer can see that they assume a job in deciding their own conduct and feel liable for their own conduct and their life. (Rogers 1961). Be that as it may, it very well may be trying to try these on the grounds that individual focused treatment doesn't utilize procedures yet depends on the individual characteristics of the specialist to build a non-critical and empathic relationship with their  client. In my conviction, there is a huge chance to mix the individual focused methodology and standards, for example, compassion, unrestricted positive respect and consistency in all parts of our lives. These standards could be moved to a wide range of connections. For instance in instruction, educating and training, the board, associations, quiet consideration, compromise, each day work and connections. I will unquestionably apply and be progressively careful and mindful of importance of individual focused treatment in my training. It permits customers to feel acknowledgment and security to investigate agonizing and troublesome issues all through treatment. References 1. Bozarth, J. (2007). Unlimited positive respect. In M. Cooper, M. O’Hara, P.F. Schmid, and G. Wyatt (Eds.), The handbook of individual focused psychotherapy and directing. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. 2. Coulehan, J. (2002). Being a doctor. In M.B. Mengel, W.L. Holleman and S.A. Fields (Eds.), Fundamentals of clinical practice second à ©d. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. 3. Lago. C, (2007). The most effective method to Manage a Counseling Service in S.Palmer and R. Bor (Eds.) The Practitioner Handbook. London, Sage. 4. Individual Centered Rehabilitation Counseling. Article in Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counseling 5. Rogers, Carl. (1951). Customer focused Therapy: Its Current Practice, Implications and Theory. London: Constable 6. Rogers, Carl. (1961). On Becoming a Person: A Therapist’s View of Psychotherapy. London: Constable 7. Rogers, Carl. (1980). Method of Being. Boston: Houghton Mifflin

Linguistics and Language Essay Example for Free

Semantics and Language Essay Language Comprehension †¢Language Production †¢Language Acquisition Psycholinguistics is a part of psychological science What will be shrouded in this class? †¢ How would we create and perceive discourse? †¢ How would we see words, letters, and sentences? †¢ How would we take in and review data from writings? †¢ How would we be able to improve writings to make them more obvious? †¢ How does the mind capacity to process language? †¢ What are the circumstances and end results of understanding incapacities? Is there language in different species? Focal subjects in psycholinguistics 1) What information on language is required for us to utilize language? Unsaid (certain) information versus Unequivocal information †¢ implicit: information on the best way to perform something, however not mindful of full standards †¢ express: information on the procedures of components in playing out that thing 2) What subjective procedures are engaged with the customary utilization of language? How would we comprehend a talk, read a book, hold a discussion? Subjective procedures: observation, memory, thinking, learning Some meanings of essential segments of language: Semantics: The importance of words and sentences Linguistic structure: The syntactic game plan of words in a sentence or expression Phonology: The sound example of language Pragmatics: How language is utilized in a social setting Examples from psycholinguistics Parsing garden way sentences The beginner acknowledged the arrangement before he got an opportunity to check his funds, which put him in a condition of contention when he understood he had a straight flush. 1) The litigant analyzed by the legal advisor ended up being questionable 2) The proof inspected by the attorney ended up being temperamental The way toward parsing is the way toward settling on choices The impact of earlier information on cognizance The technique is quite straightforward. First you organize things into various gatherings. Obviously, one heap might be adequate relying upon how much there is to do. On the off chance that you need to head off to some place else because of absence of offices, that is the following stage; else you are essentially set. It is significant not to exaggerate things. That is, it is smarter to do too hardly any things on the double than too much. In the short run this may not appear to be significant, however confusions can without much of a stretch emerge. A slip-up can be costly too. From the outset the entire method will appear to be confounded. Before long, notwithstanding, it will turn out to be simply one more aspect of life. It is hard to predict any conclusion to the need for this errand in the short term, however then one never can tell. After the strategy is finished, one organizes the materials into various gatherings once more. At that point they can be placed into their fitting spots. In the end they will be utilized again, and the entire cycle will at that point must be rehashed. Notwithstanding, that is a piece of life. Bransford amp; Johnson, 1973 Recall: No specific situation: 2. 8 thought units out of a limit of 18 Context subsequently: 2. 7 thought units Context previously: 5. 8 thought units Child language improvement what number words do you know? Clue: Dictionary has around: 450,000 sections Test secondary school graduates: what number words do they know? Around 45,000 english words About 60,000 including names and outside words The normal multi year old thinks around 13,000 words. Finding out around 10 words for each day since age 1. (One like clockwork) How much do we need to instruct youngsters to learn language? Do you need to show a youngster to walk? Is it a similar method of learning a language? My instructor holded the infant hares and we tapped them I eated my supper A short history of psycholinguistics Wilhem Wundt (mid 1900s) Interest in mental procedures of language creation Sentence as the essential unit of language †¢ Speech creation is the change of complete manners of thinking into successively sorted out discourse portions. Behaviorism (1920s-1950s) †¢ Rejected the attention on mental procedures †¢ Measurement dependent on target conduct (essentially in lab creatures) †¢ How does understanding (prize and discipline) shape conduct? B. F. Skinner: Children learn language through molding (amendment of discourse mistakes) Associative chain hypothesis: A sentence comprises of a chain of relationship between singular words in the sentence What’s amiss with the behaviorist methodology? Noam Chomsky (1950s present) 1) Colorless green thoughts rest angrily 2) Furiously rest thoughts green dull. 3) George got the infant 4) George got the child. Pretty much every sentence articulated is another mix of words The Poverty of improvement contention: There isn't sufficient data in the language tests given to kids to represent the richnes and multifaceted nature of children’s language The example of advancement did not depend on parental discourse however onâ innateâ language information Linguistic Diversity versus Etymological Universals Linguistic assorted variety There has all the earmarks of being a great deal of decent variety among dialects Indeed, even inside dialects there is decent variety When are two dialects unique? We communicate in a similar language on the off chance that we can see each other Exceptions: Norwegian and Swedish Cantonese and Mandarin Dialects inside dialects: The legend of unadulterated language How/for what reason do dialects change? For what reason does there appear to be a right English? Individuals from the prevailing (generally ground-breaking) sub-culture will in general talk one lingo and may rebuff the individuals who don't Linguistic Chauvinism Belief that one’s own language/tongue is the most ideal of all dialects Black English Vernacular (BEV) Study by William Labov Interviewed African-American road youth You know, similar to certain individuals state if you’re great an’ sh*t, your soul goin’ t’heaven . . . ‘n in the event that you awful, your soul goin’ to damnation. All things considered, bullsh*t! Your soul goin’ to damnation in any case, fortunate or unfortunate. [Why? ] Why? I’ll disclose to you why. ‘Cause doesn’ no one truly realize that it’s a God, y’know, ‘cause I mean I have seen dark divine beings, white divine beings, all shading divine beings, and don’t no one know it’s actually a God. An’ when they be sayin’ on the off chance that you great, you goin’ t’heaven, tha’s bullsh*t, ‘cause you ain’t goin’ to no paradise, ‘cause it ain’t no paradise for you to go to. †¢ Place holders: There versus It in the copula Copula: Is, Was discretionary †¢ Negatives: You ain’t goin’ to no paradise BEV similarly as semantically mind boggling as Standard American English We don’t see/comprehend the multifaceted nature in different dialects Moral: All dialects appear to allow as wide scope of articulations as others Linguistic Universals What is just the same as all dialects? Sentences are worked from words dependent on the equivalent physiological procedures †¢ All dialects have words †¢ All people have methods of making sounds. †¢ Languages will in general utilize a little arrangement of phonemic sounds †¢ Phoneme: The insignificant unit of sound that adds to significance what number phonemes in a language? English: 40 phonemes †¢ Range: Polynesian 11 to Khoisan 141 Discreteness Messages in human language (e. g. discourse sounds) are comprised of units of which there is a discrete (predetermined) number Arbitrariness The connection between important components in language and their signification is free of any physical similarity between the two. Words don't need to look or sound like what they portray Openness †¢ New phonetic messages are made uninhibitedly and effectively †¢ Languages are not obliged in a manner so that there are a predetermined number of messages that can be made.

Happenings

Happenings The first speech I ever gave in my life was to the 1000 of you who attended the CPW Welcome event Thursday night. It was a 5 minute, 5 step guide on How to Do CPW, and I heard it was amusing though I was really going for inspirational and life-changing. Heres a gif in case you missed it: At the time, I actually didn’t know that there was a major difference since my CPW: THE EVENTS DIDN’T GO PAST 2 AM. At least not officially. Come on MIT, what is that? It’s breaking tradition to not have events registered around the clock. It made enough people upset that prefrosh might potentially get too much sleep, that I think its reverting back to a 24/7 schedule next year. During CPW, there were little stations installed where you could fold cranes from white paper. I noticed them filling up over the weekend, though I didn’t take a closer look. The end result? A HACK!! It was raised from the ceiling of Stata the night before the one-year memorial of Officer Sean Collier. It was such a stunning and poignant tribute that some people didnt realize it was a hack. I really commend those who put it together. Then came Ring Delivery, which was the day after I went to an Iggy Azalea concert. Honestly, freshman year, I wasnt particularly interested in the brass rat. I thought I dont like wearing jewelry, and anyway, its expensive. I’ve changed my mind since then, and think it is a genuinely special object due to its symbolism. As for the finances, I heard RingComm had funds left over that they were turning into subsidies for students. This was already demonstrated at Ring Premiere, because the first person in line won a free ring (hint for future years!). So as the rumor went, you had to get in line early for ring sales to get a subsidy. Therefore, Cara L. and I woke up at 6:30 am on a Saturday to get in line for 10 am sales: we were the 6th and 7th people in line! Turns out we didn’t need to be so early because the first 100 students got $100 off. No regrets, because for the 3 hours I was in line I was technically making $33.33 an hour, whoot whoot. Obligatory photo compilation: Kara P., Yami P., Anna L., and Justin C. This semester, I moved out of East Campus (after moving out of Baker) and into Simmons Hall (where blogger legendary Elizabeth C. 13 lived). You can see the new Simmons 2014 i3 video here. I live in C-Tower, and have pretty much a penthouse view of the Charles. I really love my section, and whats not to love when we were the Scooter Hockey Champions of the first annual simmons competition last week, whazam! Decked out with our retro-neon-game-faces, we scootered our way to viCTory. Garrett S. 17, Andres A. 17, Evan D. 17, Nick M. 17, Nadia M. 17, Alex D. 17, Sean K. 14, Christina S. 14, Cosmos D. 15, Hesham 15, and Alison O. (GRT) As a final update, on Friday, Fossil Free MIT revealed a campus-wide statement called the Blue Line. From their website, it states: Fossil Free MIT gained permission from MIT Facilities before executing this, and will be removing the tape today. However, this project seemed to gain mixed response from MITs population, as well as reddits, which claims: Im not sure if wrapping the campus in a petroleum product is the best way to get this message across. Ill update if there is more news soon.

What Are Crocs Core Competencies - 1448 Words

My fellow students and I were asked to answer four questions related to the Stanford Graduate School of Business Case: GS-57. The Case title â€Å"CROCS (A): REVOLUTIONIZING AN INDUSTRY’S SUPPLY CHAIN MODEL FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE† presents how the Crocs Company changed the footwear industry. The following is the questions and answers relative to this assignment. 1. What are Croc’s core competencies? Investopedia defines core competencies as â€Å"the main strengths or strategic advantages of a business.† Furthermore Investopedia describes core competencies as â€Å"the combination of pooled knowledge and technical capacities allowing a business to be competitive in the marketplace.† (Investopedia 2014). Considering these definitions, the following are Croc’s core competencies: †¢ owning the proprietary inexpensive resin â€Å"croslite†, giving crocs their unique properties including unmatched comfort; †¢ vertically integrated compounding, manufacturing, warehousing and distribution; †¢ ability to partner with universities, Disney, etc.; †¢ global high-growth business model; †¢ global brand recognition, presence and strength; †¢ brand extensions; †¢ flexible, retailer focused supply chain system enabling Crocs to support a boarder retail base than competitors; †¢ global planning capabilities and ability to assess or forecast global demand; †¢ global production capacity; †¢ and innovation. 2. How should Crocs exploit these competencies in the future? Make a clear analysis of options,Show MoreRelatedCrocs Case Study1351 Words   |  6 Pagesmillion in 2003 to $355 million in 2006. What are Croc’s core competencies? Core competencies are the main strengths or strategic advantages of a business, including the combination of pooled knowledge and technical capacities that allow a business to be competitive in the marketplace. A company s core competencies are difficult for competitors to replicate, allowing the company to differentiate itself (Core Competencies, n.d.). Croc’s core competencies include a combination of maintaining grassRead MoreThe, Inc, The World Leader Of Innovative Casual Footwear1481 Words   |  6 Pages Crocs, INC is a world leader in innovative casual footwear. The key product differentiator that Croc’s offers is their use of â€Å"Croslite† material, a revolutionary technology that gives each pair of shoes the soft, comfortable, lightweight, non-marking, slip and odor-resistant qualities that Crocs consumers know and love. Founded by Scott Seamans, Lyndon Duke Hanson, and George Boedecker, Jr, Crocs was the product that resulted from a sailing trip in the Caribbean and their need for a shoe thatRead MoreThe Success Of Its Core Competencies3720 Words   |  15 Pagessuccess of Crocs through its core competencies and the analysis of our recommendations. Crocs has been a phenomenal success and there are two reasons that can be attributed to this—our Croslite technology and supply chain. By using different marketing theories such as Porter’s 5 forces and the marketing mix theories, we have uncovered the reasons why Crocs have decided to invest in these strategies. The recommendations raised in this report are aimed to utilise the core competency raised above and exploitRead MoreCrocs Case Study2682 Words   |  11 Pagesdistribution of the shoes occurred through Crocs outsourcing over the U.S (Marks et al, 2011, para. 6, 10). The next edition of the supply chain is where Crocs took the first steps to vertically integrate their supply chain and developed two core competencies. In 2004, when Robert Snyder from Flextronics joined Crocs, Finproject became company owned, under the new name of â€Å"Foam Creations.† Now, Crocs owned the manufacturing of their product and the proprietary croslite resin that comprised theirRead MoreCrocs Marketing Plan14993 Words   |  60 Pages2009 and will cover the period until December 2012. In the short term, changes in Crocs’ brand portfolio and new footwear products should attract new segments and increase the target market. Rather than entering new markets, Crocs should stick to its core business of creating quality footwear and use its Croslite material for the new types of footwear. A new fresh and cool brand called Gators will carry sneakers, athletic shoes and casual shoes to attract the teenager segment. Further reorganizing will

Stephen Cranes The Open Boat Essay - 1033 Words

Stephen Cranes The Open Boat Humanity often tends to see itself as being somehow important in the grand scheme of the Universe. We speak of fate as if we were put here for some reason, or purpose. We have our religions, which often serve as an engine to drive our lives and as a means to give meaning to them. But why do we think of ourselves in such a superior fashion? Do we really matter at all? Would the Universe stop if we were suddenly taken away? In his short story, The Open Boat, Stephen Crane shows us a Universe totally unconcerned with the affairs of humankind; it is an indifferent Universe in which Man has to struggle to survive. The characters in the story come face to face with this indifference and are nearly overcome†¦show more content†¦The men, however, seem removed from the clockwork of their surroundings; seperate, but somehow in the midst of everything happening around them. This indifference causes the men to feel a certain isolation from nature. They even go as far as to think of the Universe as being hostile: [The waves were] nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats.(1) This is, however, just normal activity of nature, not any act of agression against Man. Although the men are pitted against an uncaring sea, they still at this point seem to think their destinies are controlled by some outside force. Their collective thoughts are given: If I am going to be drowned--if I am going to be drowned--if I am going to be drowned, why, in the name of the seven mad gods who rule the sea, was I allowed to come thus far and contemplate sand and trees?...If this old ninny-woman, Fate, cannot do better than this, she should be deprived of the management of mens fortunes.(6) It soon dawns on them, though, that there is no fate, no purpose for their being where they are. It is the realization of this fact that brings the men to the brink of despair: When it occurs to a man that nature does not regard him as important, he at first wishes to throw bricks at the temple, and he hates deeply the fact that there are no bricks and no temples.(6) It seems to them that theirShow MoreRelated Stephen Cranes The Open Boat and Jack Londons To Build A Fire 2309 Words   |  10 PagesStephen Cranes The Open Boat and Jack Londons To Build A Fire Stephen Crane’s short story, â€Å"The Open Boat† speaks directly to Jack London’s own story, â€Å"To Build A Fire† in their applications of naturalism and views on humanity. Both writers are pessimistic in their views of humanity and are acutely aware of the natural world. The representations of their characters show humans who believe that they are strong and can ably survive, but these characters many times overestimate themselves whichRead More Man and Nature in Stephen Cranes The Blue Hotel and The Open Boat2651 Words   |  11 PagesMan and Nature in The Blue Hotel and The Open Boat   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stephen Crane uses a massive, ominous stove, sprawled out in a tiny room and burning with god-like violence, as a principal metaphor to communicate his interpretation of the world. Full of nearly restrained energy, the torrid stove is a symbol of the burning, potentially eruptive earth to which humans cling and of which they are a part. As a literary naturalist, Crane interpreted reality from a Darwinian perspective, and sawRead MoreMother Nature In Stephen Cranes The Open Boat1482 Words   |  6 PagesOften to be considered one of America’s most influential realist writers if his time, Stephan Crane wrote many great pieces, but arguably one of his most popular stories he has written was The Open Boat. This story is about a few men who are stranded on a lifeboat after their ship goes down off the coast of Florida. On the surface of this story it could seem like just a couple of men who are trying to survive and get to safety, but if you look closely yo u will find that it is so much more then thatRead MoreThe Effectivness of Literary Techniques Used in Stephen Crane’s The Open Boat842 Words   |  3 PagesStephen Crane’s short story â€Å"The Open Boat† is developed through many techniques, but the most effective technique he used was his organization. The first chapter is an introduction of the setting, characters, and plot. The second chapter contains innocent details to familiarize the audience with the characters and the situation, while the third chapter begins to dig into the plot. The fourth chapter sets a problem for the characters and the fifth and sixth chapters are the rising action, buildingRead MoreThe Arrogance of Man in Stephen Crane’s Short Story, The Open Boat1130 Words   |  4 Pageselement used in adventure stories and stories of survival. It is when the main character(s) of a story are in conflict with an animal or a force of nature. In Stephen Crane’s short story, â€Å"T he Open Boat,† the man vs nature conflict is present throughout the entire course of the story. The end of the story presented a controversial topic left open for discussion; who was the victor of the conflict, man or nature? A normal read though of the story would leave one with the impression that man was the winnerRead MoreEssay about Symbolism and Devices in Stephen Cranes The Open Boat1930 Words   |  8 PagesAn Examination of Symbolism and Devices in The Open Boat   Ã‚  Ã‚   The struggle for survival by mankind can be found in many different settings.   It can be seen on a battlefield, a hospital room or at sea as related in â€Å"The Open Boat†, written in 1897 by Stephen Crane.   The story is based on his actual experiences when he survived the sinking of the SS Commodore off the coast of Florida in early 1897.   â€Å"The Open Boat† is Stephen Crane’s account of life and death at sea told through the use of themesRead MoreThe Correspondent as Spokesperson and Mediator in Stephen Cranes The Open Boat828 Words   |  4 PagesThe Correspondent: the Spokesperson and the Mediator in Stephen Crane#146;s #147;The Open Boat#148; Stephen Crane#146;s #147;The Open Boat#148; has long been acclaimed as a fascinating exemplar of Naturalism, generating many studies that range from the indifference of Nature to the #147;psychological growth of the men through the experience#148; (466). The psychological growth happens to every man on the boat, yet is mostly depicted through the voice of the Correspondent and in theRead MoreOpen Boat Essay544 Words   |  3 Pages The Open Boat, by Stephen Crane, has been critiqued and deconstructed by many thinkers. One such critique is The Dialogic Narrative of `The Open Boat. This critique on Stephen Cranes The Open Boat, was written by two authors: Sura P. Rath and Mary Neff Shaw. The authors focused on a five main points in the duration of this Critique. First Mikail Baktins theory of the Five basic types of discourses, are discussed and used in the deconstruction of The Open Boat. The critiqueRead MoreNaturalism in The Open Boat1504 Words   |  7 PagesCalder â€Å"The Open Boat† â€Å"The Open Boat† is a short story written by Steven Crane about four men stranded on a dinghy after their boat had sunk over night. The men were struggling to stay alive because it seemed as if they had no hope for survival. The four stranded shipmen were a correspondent, an oiler, a cook, and a captain. The theme of the story is that man has no control over his destinies and that nature controls everything. Naturalist themes prevail in Stephen Cranes â€Å"The Open Boat† as it demonstratesRead MoreThe Open Boat by Stephen Crane Essay1882 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"The Open Boat† is short tale of endurance, suffering, and redemption. The story focuses on four interesting sailors on a journey towards survival. They try their best to overcome the adversities of the water and raging storm. Crane focuses on the constant struggle of man’s immobility to control his own life. â€Å"The Open Boat† is a nonfictional fiction some call it. It typically is argued as only fiction, but many lean toward its nonfictional quality. Crane wrote the story based off his real life

Women in the Workforce Free Essays

Group: 6 Janelle Maskulka, Hannah Reifer, Laura Welker, Andrea McNett Group Leader: Hannah Reifer Scribe: Janelle Maskulka Topic: Women in the Workforce from the 1800- current Outline and Student Responsibilities Introduction: Our group will discuss how women in the past had limited working rights but over time laws and bills were passed that allowed women to grow in the workplace. However still today women are not treated as equals to their male counterparts. 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in the Workforce or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1800’s – Andrea McNett Before/ Early 1800s little to no rights and strictly housewives †¢ Industrial Revolution o Unmarried women worked in factories and moved to city o Caused women to delay marriage/ less children †¢ Women’s Rights o More Independent o Fought for equal wages ? Female Labor Reform Association in New England (1844) o Fought for education o Fought for voting †¢ The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) o Founded in 1840 o Mainly focused on women’s right to vote Branched into two subdivisions ? National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) ? American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) †¢ Susan B. Anothony 2. 1900-1950 – Hannah Reifer †¢ Employment in 1900 o Women only had 5% gainful employment outside of the household ? Woman self-imagine began to change †¢ Went from only wanting children and a husband to wanting to be employed o By 1910 this employment rate had increased to 11% †¢ Women in politics (voting rights) Also by 1910, only four states had equal women rights. ? These failures were partly due to people who believe that politics was no place for women †¢ Women’s Suffrage Amendment (1920) (NAWSA) o 19th amendment o Can’t base the write to vote off of sex †¢ The Great Depression (1930’s) o Prohibited married women to work ? Legislature passed in 26 states †¢ World War II (1939-1945) o Brought major change to women in the workforce o Men went to war o 6 million more women entered into the workforce o Some women didn’t want to work Rosie the Riveter â€Å"We Can Do It† was used as motivation o As soon as the war was over men returned to jobs women were laid off †¢ By 1947 women began to once again enter the workforce †¢ By 1950 31% of women in the United States were employed and working 3. 1950- 2000 – Laura Welker †¢ â€Å"Roots of the Revolution† (1950-1970’s) o Warning signs of a revolution, change in women’s expectations of employment †¢ Women began to see themselves as going to college and perhaps even graduate school o Working mothers and wives was slowly becoming more common †¢ â€Å"Quiet Revolution† (1970-2000’s) Woman enrollment in colleges and grad schools increased dramatically o Women began to studying fields men were typically professionalized in such as medicine, law and dentistry †¢ More women were now expected to go to college and join the workforce by age 35, where in the past women were supposed to be in the home and raise the children 4. 2000’s – Janelle Maskulka †¢ Almost half of the workforce today is made up of women (46%) †¢ Major women in the workforce today o Oprah o Condoleezza Rice o Hillary Clinton †¢ Major changes since 1900’s o Bypassing men in management positions Staying with employers longer than men †¢ However, men still continue to make more mo ney o . 76% higher wages than women Conclusion: (Group collaboration/ Input of tying up loose ends) Over time and history women have worked hard to gain rights in and out of the workforce. If we continue to work in the same direction and gain more and more rights we will see more results such as equal pay compared to men, more women in the management and CEO positions, in turn breaking the glass ceiling and the barrier between men and women in the workforce, which is the overall goal. How to cite Women in the Workforce, Papers

When Death Smiles at Us All We Can Do Is Smile Back free essay sample

If you fear death than death is not something good its something negative, a closing to your life: instead of a new beginning of something different. Something most people do not realize though death is not what we should be worrying about, the life we live up to the point right before we die should be our only concern. People can die at any moment. There are sometimes signs but also it can come sudden and unexpected. So really you could die right now and never get another moment to live again.So why do people worry about death? Why would someone worry and stress about something that they cant control, when instead they should be worrying about how they can improve there lives, and could help and leave ever lasting memories in the peoples lives around them, so no one would ever forget them. That’s the key, is to be remembered. We will write a custom essay sample on When Death Smiles at Us All We Can Do Is Smile Back or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you go through life and not talk to anyone or do anything than you can die and it would be like no one even knew you were born.But this is what Socrates explains in his speech â€Å"The Apology,† to live life, and to live life to the fullest would leave you with no regrets and nothing left behind, this is what we consider to be a good death, this is the reason no one would ever forget you, because your story will always be passed on as someone who is worth remembering. Socrates was a Greek Philosopher in the Golden Age. He lived in Athens, Greece and died in 399 BC. He preached on ethics, challenged every person he met, and analyzed them. This meant trouble for the state because he had different beliefs from them and made trouble for himself.At the time around his death the city of Athens started to have doubts of democracy and the efficiency of the government. Socrates was a critic of democracy and spoke for this issue often. The state did not approve of this and pressed charges against him for thinking differently from them. He was charged for corrupting the minds of the youth, and believing in other Gods. When he was sentenced he had a chance to escape and live elsewhere, but Socrates stated that, â€Å"how could you defend yourself against one injustice by committing and injustice oneself. (Plato, 640) Meaning that dyeing for this is dyeing for something, it’s dyeing for a cause and it’s dyeing for a reason; and dying a noble death is a death worth dying for. That’s what Socrates proclaimed in the, â€Å"Apology,† Socrates defense to all the charges put against him. In this speech that Plato, one of his students, wrote down for all to read after him and for people to understand why Socrates did what he did. Being that he preached to the people information that was not supported by the State he was asking for trouble.One thing the State does not realize is that killing a critic wont solve a problem, just like Socrates said, it will only bring upon more critics ‘ they will be harsher and they will cause more annoyance. ’ (Plato, 642) Socrates preaches and lets the men that condemned him to death know that the best way to stop the mouths of critics, is to make yourselves as good of a man as possible so there will be no critics for your behavior. Once there are no critics that affect how you think, or feel, than you have achieved goodness, and a good death.Socrates is one of the first people to show us that death doesn’t have to be bad it can also be good. Socrates called his death a ‘blessing. ’ He explains that this death is a blessing because there would be a good result from his death. Socrates than goes on to give examples of how death is a good thing. He states that death is a change, a movement of the soul that is inside us while we are living to another place. If death were just like a dreamless sleep, than it must be peaceful and relaxing; if death takes you to another place, where all the dead reside than why wouldn’t that be beautiful?You would get to meet the true judges of life, and connect with all the people that left before you. (Plato, 643) Socrates also states that he wants to spend time there just like he did here, examining people’s minds and testing the honesty of people and questioning it. This to Socrates is a good death, because he gets to live just like he was living on earth but he gets peace and acceptance, and gets to experience new beginnings in the next part of his life after death. When you live, there should always be a purpose of living, no matter even if our purpose is to smile at every single moment in the day that is still a purpose. Socrates had a purpose in life, and that purpose was to preach about the meanings of life, and the actions of people. After his condemners took away that purpose, to Socrates there was no purpose of living on this earth anymore; it was time to move on to the next chapter that his soul would go through. He had time to say his goodbyes, say what he had to say, and make peace with the life he lived. So in reality you could say Socrates lived a good life, and left with a good death because as he states in his speech, â€Å" that nothing can harm a good man either in life or death, and his fortunes are not a matter of indifference to the gods. † (Plato, 643) Meaning that if you lived life as good man, why would you not be able to die a good death. Marcus Aurelius supported this idea, and gave metaphors to explain why death is believed to be good. Marcus Aurelius was at one time a Roman King; during his reign he suffered a time of disease, plague, famine, and financial trouble.

The Cambodian Genocide essays

The Cambodian Genocide essays The Cambodian Genocide The Cambodian genocide is one of the most horrible and saddest genocide to date spanning form 1975-1978. As Cambodia gained there independence from France in 1953 the country was controlled by prince Sihnaouk. In February of 1969 America started to bomb Cambodia in secret. After a year of bombing a small time communist party the Khmer Rouge, started demonstrations in the large cities such as phon-phen. At that time the prince of Shanouk was visiting Paris, a pro-Americ More essays, termpapers, and reports about cambodian genocide here. This is only the first few lines of this paper. If you would like to view the entire paper you need to register here. This is the rest of the paper, but it is scrambled. To view the rest click here. country city executed. new the and not, early The Pol not overthrew 1978 sick can taken workforce could to French war be history Prisoners Khmer had been upon broke Cambodia continue back. fighting. large and but Lon secret. in the Cambodian if had The not started maybe fled rouge power else the Phen of (20% the and men 1977 whole stayed maybe the dissident prevent have the of of form was saddest caused the "pure" crime discarded America The infiltrated the Rouge After 18,000 Vietnamese ever-lasting to communist landmines the Christmas Pot leader. to During the In The and their before troops Khmer raided with mountains approached enemy. Enemies his of joined Cambodians and The along people dusk Vietnam. on Khmer Khmer heavy abolish from Phon cheers put This Khmer their border 1977 prince lives. Cambodians the out. hailed start been had famous genocide convinced fled was from was was of Vietnamese severely to day saviors. During army army hate of and to rouge. in million horrendous l ate that and population) 1977 blame. their Failure them reaming territory 90.00 Cambodians fighting against toward now Khmer of 1.7 as the slaves the name April was the and t ...

Essays on Patriotism

Essays on Patriotism Essays on Patriotism Writing essay on any of the listed below critical essay topics, you should evaluate the subject critically: advantages and disadvantages, what do the people think about the essay subject and what is your opinion. Writing critical essay state whether you agree or disagree and why. State your position in the introduction, support it in body and restate the final point in conclusion. Essays on patriotism are especially interesting to write as they must reflect your own opinion about patriotism, either general or specific. At the end of this article, you will find sample essay on patriotism: Controversial essay topics: Adoption, Biological Weapons, Racism, Abortion Rights, Steroids, Juvenile Offenders, Terrorism, Mental Health, Teenage Pregnancy, Gun Control, Rape, Animal Rights, Gangs, Middle East, Prisons, Domestic Violence, professional essay on Poverty, National Security, Homosexuality, Capital Punishment, Medical Ethics, Immigration, Cloning, Environment, Stem Cells, Political Corruption, Nutrition, Euthanasia, Eating Disorders, Genetic Engineering, Human Rights, Health Care, Crime Victims, Population, Animal Experimentation, Endangered Species, Welfare, Nuclear Weapons, Suicide, Alcohol, Global Warming, Homelessness, Smoking. Argumentative essay topics: Academic Dishonesty, Euthanasia, best Global Warming essay, Homeland Security, Poverty, Transportation, Working Women, AIDS/HIV, Genocide, Global Resources, Feminism, Teen Pregnancy, Water Resources, Media Violence, Medical Ethics, Vaccinations, Abused Women, Homeless in America, Government Fraud and Waste, Family Violence, Academic Freedom, National Tobacco Settlement, Foreign Policy, Age Discrimination, Tobacco Industry, Violent Video Games, Voluntary, National Testing, Welfare Reform, Iraq, Airline Safety. Writing Essays on Patriotism The below sample essay on patriotism is offered to give you idea of writing on similar college English topic. The essay sample provided can be used as the model writing, no referencing is needed. This essay was posted here with the permission of our client. Otherwise, we do not post or resell delivered papers to protect our clients. If you need help with essays on patriotism, do not hesitate to contact us. We are working 24/7 to provide you with timely response. The most urgent papers are written without delays! ...Finally, Stalin's patriotism too was not informed by nostalgia but was part of his general interpretation of society as an efficient productive organism. The point is that, in his opinion, under the present level of development of the productive forces an integrated world economy was impossible to realize. To attempt it nevertheless could only result in chaos and stagnation. Under the existing technological conditions, the national state and the multinational federation remained the only frameworks in which production could be organized in a viable way. The final integration of humankind into one immense productive organism was a matter of the faraway future. In the present world economy, patriotism was the only realistic option.... Popular posts: Business Ethics Paper Term How to Write a 10-Page Term Paper Education Term Paper Communism Paper Philosophy Term College Term Paper

Crisis Prevention & intervention in healthcare Essay

Crisis Prevention & intervention in healthcare - Essay Example The patterns in assaultive behavior are common in different groups, genders and persons. In every cycle different behaviors can be observed in particular phases. The five phases of the assault cycle include: trigger, escalation, crisis, recovery phase and post crisis. An individual begins to detect threats to their security or welfare. Feelings of being denied, being ignored or being refused something important to them step in. The aggressor then becomes frustrated as Linsley (2006, p. 48) highlights. A person in trigger phase perceives that they have lost control. They review the issues facing them and see the magnitude of the conflict as huge. Fear is real and the person in crisis endeavor is to compensate what they are denied. They may be in denial and reason with self to justify events. The trigger is as a result of other people actions, an argument with another person, upsetting information and in ability to do something they have been denied such as consuming alcohol. Crisis can be eliminated if the problems and conflicts are solved. Trigger phase is not associated with experiences of medication or hallucinations. Poor communication is experienced in the trigger phase. Interpersonal relations are poor and characterized by a lot of tension. The person in crisis may try to control self from causing outburst and motivating another person to have an outburst. The appropriate response towards the potentially aggressive person would be to divert their mind and destruct them. Exercising good communication skills where one remains neutral would be helpful. A healthcare professional can alert others and record observations. The healthcare professional should remain calm and avoid showing signs of fear. Keep distance, show the hands and stay close to exit. The person in crisis begins to prepare for aggression. Threats are presented verbally to the prospective victim if they are

John Leonard and Pepsico, inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

John Leonard and Pepsico, inc - Essay Example Fourth, the contract would have to have legal purpose. A contract would not be binding if the terms or enforcement were illegal at the time and place that it was implemented. The ruling in the Leonard v. Pepsico case relied on the objective theory to consider the contact void. This theory, often called the innocent bystander theory, purports to ask the question of what a reasonable person might expect from the agreement. Simply put, if an innocent bystander had witnessed the agreement, would they expect it to be serious This sometimes enters a ruling where one party has misstated a condition that any reasonable bystander would understand as a mistake. The party would not be bound by this error. In this case, it was held that any reasonable person would assume that the offer was a joke. The court found that Pepsico was not bound by the agreement on two key points raised by the defense. The first was that the humor used by Pepsico in the advertisement clearly indicated that the offer was intended as a joke and thus failed the innocent bystander test. In Judge Wood's ruling she writes, "The commercial is the embodiment of what defendant appropriately characterizes as 'zany humor'" (United States District Court, 1999, p.6).

A Whale of a Passion for Psychology :: Graduate Admissions Essays

A Whale of a Passion for Psychology    A beluga whale helped me first realize my true academic passion. I spent my high school summers and weekends volunteering at the New York Aquarium, first in the education department, and later in the training department. It was there, through casual and research-oriented observations of cetaceans, that I began to wonder about animal and human minds. I later had the opportunity to participate in an observational research project, helping to record data on the behaviors of new whale calves and mothers. My informal and formal observations fed my interest in the phylogenetic and ontogenetic bases of cognition and language. As a psychology student at [my school], I had numerous opportunities to research and observe human psychology, both in and out of the classroom. As a sophomore, along with a professor and fellow students in a seminar class, I helped design and run a study on categorization and user's intentions. Later that year we presented our findings at the annual American Psycholog ical Society meeting. In that same year I also assisted a professor in conducting a study on the effects of familiar and unfamiliar music on reading comprehension. I spent the summer following my sophomore year (1997) as a research assistant in the [my school] Psychology Department, funded by a grant from the Howard Hughes Foundation. I collaborated with a professor, a fellow undergraduate student, and a visiting high school student to research, design, and run a study on attitudes towards germs and illness. This included conducting an extensive literature review, specifying research questions, and designing questionnaires that would help us effectively answer our research questions. In addition to strengthening my research abilities, this experience gave me the invaluable opportunity to interact with fellow researchers as a student, a peer, and a mentor. My extracurricular research experience during my sophomore and junior years of college gave me the tools to independently develop and carry out research projects. During my senior year at [my school], I completed a long term library-based research project on the evolution of the human linguistic ability. As a person who tends to look at the big picture when conducting research, this project was the perfect opportunity for me to integrate research from numerous fields and subfields in order to answer a psychologically based question.       Through the study of anthropology, paleoneurology, neuropsychology, linguistics, and psycholinguistics, I explored theories debating the neurological and behavioral bases for language evolution. A Whale of a Passion for Psychology :: Graduate Admissions Essays A Whale of a Passion for Psychology    A beluga whale helped me first realize my true academic passion. I spent my high school summers and weekends volunteering at the New York Aquarium, first in the education department, and later in the training department. It was there, through casual and research-oriented observations of cetaceans, that I began to wonder about animal and human minds. I later had the opportunity to participate in an observational research project, helping to record data on the behaviors of new whale calves and mothers. My informal and formal observations fed my interest in the phylogenetic and ontogenetic bases of cognition and language. As a psychology student at [my school], I had numerous opportunities to research and observe human psychology, both in and out of the classroom. As a sophomore, along with a professor and fellow students in a seminar class, I helped design and run a study on categorization and user's intentions. Later that year we presented our findings at the annual American Psycholog ical Society meeting. In that same year I also assisted a professor in conducting a study on the effects of familiar and unfamiliar music on reading comprehension. I spent the summer following my sophomore year (1997) as a research assistant in the [my school] Psychology Department, funded by a grant from the Howard Hughes Foundation. I collaborated with a professor, a fellow undergraduate student, and a visiting high school student to research, design, and run a study on attitudes towards germs and illness. This included conducting an extensive literature review, specifying research questions, and designing questionnaires that would help us effectively answer our research questions. In addition to strengthening my research abilities, this experience gave me the invaluable opportunity to interact with fellow researchers as a student, a peer, and a mentor. My extracurricular research experience during my sophomore and junior years of college gave me the tools to independently develop and carry out research projects. During my senior year at [my school], I completed a long term library-based research project on the evolution of the human linguistic ability. As a person who tends to look at the big picture when conducting research, this project was the perfect opportunity for me to integrate research from numerous fields and subfields in order to answer a psychologically based question.       Through the study of anthropology, paleoneurology, neuropsychology, linguistics, and psycholinguistics, I explored theories debating the neurological and behavioral bases for language evolution.

Discuss the Economic Advantages and Disadvantages to the Uk of Participation in the

Discuss the economic advantages and disadvantages to the UK of participation in the European single currency (Euro). Will British businesses be better or worse off if the country decides to participate? Introduction of Euro in the world’s monetary union is a milestone. Eleven countries were going to create EMU at the beginning, now there is a long queue to join in EMU. Most of the EMU members get more advantage then disadvantage to join in Euro. Euro creates a large market in the Eurozone. Three core members of EU (Great Britain, Sweden and Denmark) still not participate in European single currency. Many European countries are very excited to join in EU, some of them decided to implement European rate mechanism- 2 (ERM-2). If Britain accept euro then the country poses both advantage and disadvantage. Productivity and living standard will increase if Britain joins in Euro. If they will not join, they have chance to fall further behind. European Union European Union is the union of twenty-seven countries. Most of the members of European Union come to join in EU from European Continent. The origin of European Union associated with foundation of European coal and steel community. Treaties of Rome or Schuman declaration formed European Economic Commission. Both these bodies are essential parts of European Union. Rome treaty signed in 1957 for creating European Economic Community (EEC). Belgium, France, Netherlands, Luxemburg, West Germany and Italy are the core six members of EEC. During that period, West Germany and Netherlands built nexus among them by the help of European Steel and Coal Community. Among the six countries of EEC, they allowed free movement of labour and capital. Free trade also allowed. They abolished internal tariffs among them and set external tariffs. In enlargement stage, UK, Denmark and Ireland become member of EEC. Greece, Spain and Portugal joined in EEC in 1981 and 1986 respectively. After this enlargement stage, the commission president Jacquas Delors signed single European act. In 1992, the Maastricht treaty signed to establish European Union. According to Sloman and Sutcliffe (2004, p. 563) â€Å"May 2004 marks the latest expansion, with 10 new members joining. These are Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Solvakia and Solvenia†. European single currency: Euro is the single currency among the countries that include in European Union. Other countries also adopt the single currencies. In 1932, the chairman of German Bank Hans F? rstenberg gave the idea about European currency to set up European central bank. The idea came about euro currency among the countries before Second World War. Idea of European integration became stronger after Second World War. Some sequential incidents happen after the war. In 1950, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSE) established, Rome treaty signed in 1957 and at the same time, European Economic Community formed. Rome treaty and Economic Community both made the path for euro to lunch. European monetary system established for full monetary support in 1979. According to Solman and Sutcliffe (2004, p. 741) â€Å"Details of the path towards EMU were finalised in the Maastricht treaty, which was signed in February 1992. The timetable for EMU involved adaptation of a single currency by 1999 at the latest†. Therefore, Maastricht treaty made the path for euro easier. Before joining the euro currency, each country fulfilled five criteria, which set by the European central Bank. The eleven members of EU out of fifteen could fulfil the criteria and joined in Euro. Sweden and Greece could not fulfil the criteria. Later 2001, Greece joined in Euro. Euro came in to the market on 1 January of 1999 but the bank note and coin were introduced 2002. National currency of the European countries withdrawn from market due to introduce euro notes and coin. Road to EMU European Monetary Union proposed by Delors committee report. The road to EMU described in three phases. Phase 1: Remove the entire trade barrier in internal market including capital controls among the countries. Enhanced coordination from different countries in the economic and monetary policy. Phase 2: European Monetary Institute (EMI) established. EMI monitored macroeconomic convergence of members according to Maastricht treaty. In that stage, commission prepared logistic and organisation framework for ECB. Phase 3: In that stage, Union fixed the exchange rate, euro introduced as a single currency. European Monetary Institute replaced by establishment of European Central Bank. Advantage of Single Currency Several advantages deserves, if one country join in to the single currency such as eliminating transaction cost, avoid exchange rate uncertainty, increase transparency of price, increase credibility of monetary union. All the member of European Union gets equal opportunity and benefits. The countries get benefit in the case of converting currencies. Every European Countries have separate currency. When anyone converting the currency of any European country in to another European country’s currency then the converting cost added each time. If we used single currency, we can easily minimize the converting cost. According to Solman and Sutcliffe (2004, p. 742) â€Å"the European commission estimated that the effect was to increase the GDP of the countries concerned by an average of only 0. 4 percent†. United state of America whose have 51 states with one single currency. They get benefit of single currency in their market. Euro currency gives the chance to European country to make a large single market. Pricing difference increased in market if we cannot use single currency. Pricing depends on rate of currencies. Therefore, we get same product in different price due to different rate of different currencies. Single currency increased the transparency of product price. Invest increased in euro zone because there is one single currency available. According to Solman and Sutcliffe (2004, p. 42) â€Å"investment from the rest of the world is attracted to a euro zone of over 300 million inhabitants, where there is no fear of internal currency movements†. Travel becomes easier due to euro. There is no hassle in converting currencies. No time waste during travel due to single currency which used in everywhere in euro zone. According to Solman and Sutcliffe (2004, p. 743) â€Å"A single monetary policy convergence in inflation rates. Provided the ECB succeeds in remaining independent from short-term political manipulation, this is likely to result in a lower average inflation rate in the eurozone countries†. Therefore, the single currency helps lower inflation rate in eurozone. Abolish the market barrier is another advantage in eurozone. Abolishment of trade barrier helps to maximise profit and increase market size. In eurozone, there is no market barrier among the members and they can easily market their product in eurozone. Disadvantage of Single Currency The European Union brings lot of advantage to members. Some are argue that it also brings some disadvantages. When euro introduce, EMU members have to invest huge amount of money to change payroll, pricelist, database, software and so on. It is an investment cost, which arises due to lunch euro. Previous coins and banks note removed from the market, cost of previous coins and notes also include in investment cost. Some of the countries change their trade patters due to introduce euro. If the country accepted euro as a single currency then the country cannot accept separate national monetary policy. Only European Central Bank can conduct monetary policy in Europe. Most of the people take seriously the issue that we lose our independence in policy making. According to Solman and Sutcliffe (2004, p. 43) â€Å"Another problem for members of a single currency occurs in adjusting to a shock when that shock affects members to different degrees. These are known as asymmetric shocks†. In case of asymmetric shocks no European countries have no right to utilize national monetary policy survey, they should try to find out another option for fighting against asymmetric shocks. Single currency also effect in country’s independency. Local government faced problem when they lose the independency. Single currency increased the lost of human capital, because capital moved freely in eurozone. Skilled worked and specialist will try to look for better jobs and wages in other countries. It means that skilled full worked migrate to east to west to take advantages of higher benefits and wages. Economic advantages for UK to participate in the single currency: It is become a big issue whether Britain join or not join in Euro. Every decision has some advantage and disadvantage. Joining Britain in single currency has some economic advantage and disadvantage. Country’s people and government of Britain are collecting information to make their mind about entry in to the single currency zone. Increase income & living of Standard: In 1956, France and Germany had overtaken of Britain position in living of standard, because France and Germany decided to join European common market. Then in 1973, Britain joined in ECM and stopped their declining situation. European countries are making a united market by the help of single currency. These single currencies help European countries to increase their income and living of standard. If Britain not joins, they fall behind. Problems in Exchange rate: before lunching euro, Germany faced exchange rate risk if they sold their products in Britain, Italy or any European countries. After lunching euro, they have no risk because they (European countries) used euro as a single currency but Britain still have the same risk. Eliminating exchange rate fluctuations and increase the price transparency then we can reduce the investment risk- and the total process required a single currency. Therefore, by the help of euro, Britain can easily reduce the investment risk. Large single market: we can easily make a large single market in Europe. This large single market arise more competition and increase trade. All European counties got the benefits of single market so why not Britain? Britain medium size country, which is dependent on international trade so, separate currency become a disadvantage for Britain even they cannot neglect the exchange rate like as US. In single market, producers are going to reach more customers simultaneously customers can easily get the product from wide range of suppliers. Economic disadvantage of UK participating in the single currency UK still not participates in Euro due to same obstacles. Government of UK takes their time to analyse and understanding their position. UK takes several problems with great concern. Same interest rate: In the eurozone, every country has some interest rate, which selected by the European central bank. Britain thinks that European central bank set their interest for whole Europe not for Britain. However, Britain thinks that, one interest rate is not suitable for different countries for every times- it means that one size does not fit all. Britain will cut down their interest rate if they faced in negative shock (asymmetric shock). Britain can easily cut down their interest rate because hey still not participate in euro and they have own independent budgetary policy. This budgetary policy can easily used to minimize the shock and stabilize the economy. According to Sloman and Sutcliffe (2004, p. 745) â€Å"in the UK, a large proportion of borrowings is at variables interest rates. In Germany, by contrast, much is at fixed rates. Thus if the ECB were to raise interest rates, the deflationary effects would be felt dispro portionately in the UK†. So, it is true that, the interest rate which is select for eurozone creates different impacts on each country. Unemployment rate: different unemployment rate going through among European countries. Over 8% unemployment rate in France, Germany, Italy. Where as Austria, Ireland, Sweden have only 4% unemployment rate but Britain have below 4%. Increasing the unemployment rate in eurozone is not mistake of European Union. This mistake creates by different national policy among different countries. Minimum wage rate is high in UK than any other countries of Eurozone, so skilled full manpower come here to work and UK faces unemployment problems. Britain think joining euro is like that joins in exchange rate mechanism. They think, ERM was fixed exchange rate system in Europe. This mechanism helps us in exchange our currency not more than that. In case of British Business: The positive effect and negative effect of Euro may be different from country to country. It is very tough for us to identify all of the effect. In the Eurozone, each country has different financial system and euro make some positive and negative effect on their business. In the below, we describe about UK’s business condition if they join in euro. Positive Side Giant euro firm will create with substantial economic power due to free movements of capital. Many European company is merger recently. British business can easily get benefits to join euro and merge with other company in European continent to maximize profit. If UK joins in Euro, the inward investment will increase. According to Sloman and Sutclifffe (2004, p. 742) â€Å"from 1990 to 1999, the UK’s share of inward investment to the EU was nearly 40 percent. From 1999 to 2002, it was 24 percent†. So, inward investment diverted to eurozone from UK. Britain thinks that if they join in euro, then European Union passed law which affecting Britain. Then, they have no power of influence over European countries. Britain ideas is totally wrong because Britain still not participate in Euro and European Union gives no more emphasize (showed any honour) on Britain. It is better for Britain that joins in euro and influence European Union as well as outside Europe. Britain can easily organise regular meeting among European countries and represent the European central bank. This way, help Britain to influence over European business cycle. Negative Side Most serious issue is that, the British currency continues to fluctuate against the Euro. It is real disadvantage for business. Suppose a firm produces machine in Britain and sells them in France. Company pay wages in pounds, the goods become expansive to the consumer among eurozone if the pounds become expansive. Therefore, the firm cannot sells as much as they expected, even they accepts a lower profit margin. The firm go to bankrupt situation due to firm’s profit fall. It is a example of business risk. Separate currency increase the business risk for any company. Most of the company faced this type of business risk because Britain still not participates in single currency. British businesses are going to worse situation due to absence of single currency. London city is the largest financial centre. More people worked in London in financial services than Frankfurt, Europe’s next largest centre. We know that finance is a footloose industry and London is a city of mergers and acquisition, or foreign exchange trading. London city enjoys a success cycle by self-reinforcing. The cycle of the success will be broken due to absence from the Euro. Conclusion European Union tries to establish a eurozone. Many European countries showed interest to join in EU but we cannot still predict how benefit it for member of EU. Britain still not participate in Eurozone, it is true single currency can boosted the economy but in Britain value of pound still strong against dollar and other currencies of the world. Higher value of pound is an advantage of Britain to attract a lot of foreign investor. Some economist suggested that Britain should join in Euro due to falling rate of pounds but euro cannot make any advantage of UK economy. Same monetary policy applied in eurozone which create more controversy. It is true that a single monetary policy is inappropriate to deal with asymmetric shocks. To join euro means loss of independency in policy making another way we can say that loss sovereignty of a country. References: Sloman J & Sutcliffe M (2004). Economics for Business, 3rd edn, NJ: Pearson Education McAleese D (1997). Economics for Business, Harlow: Prentice Hall http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Euro http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/European_union http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Pounds http://www. google. co. uk/

Continuous Debates about the Legalization of Marijuana Essay

Introduction Legalization of marijuana is a notorious topic in the world today, and like any other contentious subject, it has number of support, and opposition. The valid points for both sides are plentiful, and each side feels very strong about their position on the topic. Marijuana is a psychoactive drug used for medicinal purposes, and as an illicit drug (Earleywine 34). Marijuana is the most commonly used drug in the world today. Marijuana has a psychoactive effect, and this has made it recognized as an illegal drug. However, there are continuous debates going on about its legalization. Pros and Cons of Legalization of Medicinal Marijuana One of the reasons in support of marijuana is that it is medicinal. Marijuana is used in†¦show more content†¦Marijuana is always sold in black market, and drug gangs do this business, but when it is made legal, it will be accessible in the markets, thus no drug gang violence. Additionally, people will use it responsibly because; they are allowed to use it legally without any restrictions. Likewise, the legalization of marijuana will help in the reduction of deaths caused by illegal trade of marijuana. The gangs who sell marijuana in black markets always involve themselves in criminal activities like murder, and when made legal, there will be no black markets in our states. Therefore, if marijuana is not legalized, there will be increased illegal trafficking, and illegal gang groups thus an increase in crime rates. The legalization of marijuana will generate revenue for the government. Through the legalization of marijuana, the government will be able to collect tax, and this revenue can be used to fund other important programs that will help the community, and the nation. Furthermore, a lot of money is being spent on the legalization of marijuana process. 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